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Religious Viewpoints
A common question that arises when people are considering organ and tissue donation is, "Does my religion approve of organ donation and transplantation?" Surveys find that few individuals are aware of their own religion's doctrines regarding organ and tissue donation. In fact, most major religions encourage organ and tissue donation, and many of them at the very least allow their followers to make a personal decision in this regard.
A major grass-roots effort to promote organ and tissue donation on Long Island:
Read here about how two Long Islanders involved 17 houses of worship in the "Gift of Life" Huntington Project (8.1.4 - link to section with title "Gift of Life Huntington Project) during the 2002 holiday season.

We hope that this list will shed some light on organ and tissue donation issues as it relates to your own religion. In addition, you may wish to contact your clergyperson for more information.

A | B | C | E | G | H | I | J | L | M | P | Q | R | S | U | W
Mennonite
Mennonites have no formal position on donation, but are not opposed to it. They believe the decision to donate is up to the individual and/or their family.
Mormon
See Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
Moravian
The Moravian Church does not have an official policy addressing organ/tissue donation or transplantation. Robert E. Sawyer, President, Provincial Elders Conference, Moravian Church of America, Southern Province states, "There is nothing in our doctrine or policy that would prevent a Moravian pastor from assisting a family in making a decision to donate an organ." It is, therefore, a matter of individual choice.
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Pentecostal
Pentecostals believe that the decision to donate should be left up to the individual.
Presbyterian
Presbyterians encourage and support donation. They respect a person's right to make decisions regarding their own body. During their General Assembly in 1995, they wrote a strong support of donation and commented that they "encourage its members and friends to sign and carry Universal Donor Cards…"
Protestantism
Because of the many different Protestant denominations, a generalized statement on their attitudes toward organ/tissue donation cannot be made. However, the denominations share a common belief in the New Testament. (Luke 6:38 Give to others and God will give to you.) The Protestant faith respects individual conscience and a person's right to make decisions regarding his or her own body. In addition, it is generally not believed that resurrection involves making the physical body whole again.

In the Winter/Spring 2002 issue of On the Beat, a publication of the New York Organ Donor Network, the Reverend Dr. James A. Forbes, Jr., Senior Minister, The Riverside Church of New York City, wrote that "…becoming a donor takes on sacramental meaning. Organ and tissue donation is considered to be the ultimate humanitarian act of benevolence." Click here for full article.

Medical technology which has made organ and tissue transplantation possible opens up new opportunities for human beings to become partners with God in sustaining and extending the precious gift of life. The fact that we can donate an organ while we live without compromising our health should lead us to exclaim: "I praise you, for I am fearfully and wonderfully made." (Psalm 139:14 NRSV) Even death cannot prevent us from making a magnanimous offering of new hope for those desperately clinging to life until an appropriate donor has been identified.

Some of the most touching moments of human compassion are associated with organ and tissue transplantation: a mother to a child, a sister to a brother, a neighbor to a neighbor, and stranger to a stranger. Dr. Wyatt T. Walker, Pastor of the Canaan Baptist Church of New York City and former Chief of Staff for Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., loves to preach about such an event, which for him became a moment of revelation. He tells of an interview he saw on national TV following a fatal mass shooting at a school in Paducah, Kentucky. The reporter asked the mother of one of the slain students what her first thoughts were after being informed of the shootings. The mother said she rushed to the hospital hoping that her daughter had survived. "And after you were told that she had passed, what was your next thought?" The mother said, "I hoped that it would be possible for someone to receive the gift of life from her through an organ donation." The little girl was white. Interestingly, the best friend of the little white girl was a black girl. They called each other "my twin sister." It turns out that the little girl's heart was donated to a black man. When the mother was finally able to visit the gentleman who had received her daughter's heart, she had one request: "May I place my ear on your chest so that I can hear the heart of my wonderful daughter?" Perhaps heaven was also monitoring that episode of sublime human love.

As wonderful as such moments are some persons are still not sure if offering an organ is compatible with the demands of their faith. Is it pleasing to God to give part of oneself in this way? Shouldn't we strive at any cost to keep intact all of the parts of the body God gave us? Will we be less whole if a part of us is missing in the "great getting up morning"? Is it mutilation of the flesh to allow some one to take one kidney when the Lord gave us two?

It may be surprising to some to learn that with only a few exceptions all of the major religions affirm and celebrate the godliness of organ and tissue transplantation. Words like caring, sharing, compassion, and sacrifice are at the heart of true religion. The cross, a central Christian symbol, is about Jesus giving himself for the salvation of the world. John 3:16 says, "God so loved the world that God gave his only son…" With this understanding, becoming a donor takes on sacramental meaning. Organ and tissue donation is considered to be the ultimate humanitarian act of benevolence.

As a protestant minister I think of the following perspectives as I respond to questions regarding organ-tissue transplantation.

1. Each person of faith needs to order his or her behavior to confirm to a spirit-guided and biblically-nurtured conscience. "Whatsoever is not of faith is sin." (Rom. 14:23) It is helpful for members of our congregations to discuss the issue with their leaders and to form a solid sense of what is appropriate. Theological discussions in our communities of faith tend to lead to a strong encouragement of organ and tissue donation.
2. One should not expect proof text from the Bible on this issue. Transplantation was not even a possibility at the time the gospels were being written. There were many things Jesus did not address directly. It is the Holy Spirit who leads us into the ways of enlightenment on matters, which have surfaced in our time. The spirit of generosity and sacrifice are encouraged in all seasons. Our bodies are the temples of the Holy Spirit. Holy deeds of generosity are to be commended.
3.

The opportunity to donate organs and tissues may be one of the most effective ways to counteract the pervasive selfishness of these modern times. The golden rule urges us to think and act from the perspective of what we would desire of others if we were similarly situated.

   
  4. Christian commitment calls us to show respect for the sanctity of the body. A loving sacrificial offering of the gift of life is a holy honoring of our flesh and blood. To be able to live as good stewards of our bodies, then to extend the lives of others reveals something of the nature of our heavenly parent and our lord, Jesus Christ.
   
  5.

Romans 8:28 reminds us that in everything God is at work to bring good out of whatever happens. It is not appropriate to claim that God wills all the tragic events, which result in the death of any of us. Nevertheless, in such tragic circumstances, there is the good of organ and tissue donation, which upstages the evil, which has occurred.

Finally, so much of life is lived as if our own individual well being is of ultimate significance. Before God, each life is precious and deserving of respect and care. But we are not only individuals before God. We are a family bound by love and mutual care. Organ and tissue donation gives dramatic witness to our interconnectedness. The first citizens of our nation, Native Americans, understood this. Perhaps we will be willing to sign a donor card or make as an organ tissue donation when we recover the spirit of Chief Seattle who inspired Ted Perry to write:

   
This we know.
All things are connected
Like the blood
Which unites one family…

Whatever befalls the earth,
Befalls the sons and daughters of the earth.
Man did not weave the web of life;
He is merely a strand in it.
Whatever he does to the web,
He does to himself.

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Quakers (Religious Society of Friends)
The Quakers have no official position on donation. They believe organ donation and transplantation is a matter of individual decision.
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Religious Society of Friends
See Quakers (Religious Society of Friends)
Roma
See Gypsies
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Salvation Army
The Salvation Army finds organ donation and transplantation acceptable.
Seventh-Day Adventist
Donation and transplantation are strongly encouraged by Seventh-Day Adventists. They have many transplant hospitals, including Loma Linda in California. Loma Linda specializes in Pediatric heart transplantation.
   
  Shinto
In Shinto, the dead body is considered to be impure and dangerous, and thus quite powerful. "In folk belief context, injuring a dead body is a serious crime …" according to E. Namihira in his article, "Shinto Concept Concerning the Dead Human Body." "To this day it is difficult to obtain consent from bereaved families for organ donation or dissection for medical education or pathological anatomy…(T) he Japanese regard them all in the sense of injuring a dead body." Families are often concerned that they not injure the itai - the relationship between the dead person and the bereaved people.
   
  Society of Friends
See Quakers
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Unitarian Universalist
Unitarian Universalists affirms the inherent worth and dignity of every person and respect the interdependent web of all existence. They affirm the value of organ and tissue donation, but leave the decision to each individual.
   
  United Church of Christ
Reverend Jay Litner, Director, Washington Office of the United Christ of Christ for Church and Society, states that, "United Church of Christ people, churches and agencies are extremely and overwhelmingly supportive of organ sharing.
United Church of Christ people, churches and agencies are extremely and overwhelmingly supportive of organ sharing. The General Synod has never spoken to this issue because, in general, the Synod speaks on more controversial issues, and there is no controversy about organ sharing, just as there is no controversy blood donation, blood donation rooms have been set up at several General Synods. Similarly, any organized effort to get the General Synod delegates or individual churches to sign organ donation cards would meet with generally positive responses."
   
  United Methodist
Donation is to be encouraged, assuming appropriate safeguards against hastening death and determination of death by reliable criteria. The United Methodist Church issued a policy statement in 1984 regarding organ and tissue donation. In it, they stated: "The United Method Church recognizes the life-giving benefits of organ and tissue donors by signing and carrying cards or driver's licenses, attesting to their commitment of such organs upon their death, to those in need, as part of their ministry to others in the name of Christ, who gave his life that we might have life in its fullness." A 1992 resolution states: "Donation is to be encouraged, assuming appropriate safeguards against hastening death and determination of death by reliable criteria." The resolution further states that, "Pastoral -Care persons should be willing to explore these options as a normal part of conversation with patients and their families."
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Wesleyan Church
The Wesleyan Church supports donation as a way of helping others. It believes that God's "ability to resurrect us is not dependent on whether or not all our parts were connected at death." They also support research and, in 1989, noted in a task force on public morals and social concerns, that "one of the ways that a Christian can do good is to request that their body be donated to a medical school for use in teaching."
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